Third
declension nouns and practice
Remember
that in this group of nouns, the genitive singular
ends in "-a." Plurals form in various
ways, so that each noun must be learned separately.
Vocabulary
Masculine
(firinscneach) Nouns
rás
(raw*s), an rás, an rása, na rásaí;
race, the race, of the race, the races.
anam
(AH-nuhm), an t-anam, an anama (AH-nuh-muh), na
hanamacha (HAH-nuh-mahk*-uh); soul, etc.
conradh
(KOHN-ruh), an conradh, an chonartha (K*OHN-uhr-huh),
na conarthaí (KOHN-uhr-hee),; contract,
etc. This word also means "league",
and Conradh na Gaeilge is "The Gaelic League";
ag síniú an chonartha (SHEEN-yoo);
signing the contract.
feirmeoir
(fer-im-OH-ir), an feirmeoir, an fheirmeora, na
feirmeoirí; farmer, etc.
Feminine
(bainiscneach) Nouns
filíocht,
(FIL-ee-ohk*t), an fhilíocht, na filíochta,
(no plural); poetry, etc.; ag foghlaim filíochta,
learning poetry.
tabhacht
(TOU-uhk*t), an tabhacht, na tabhachta, (no plural);
importance, etc.
milseacht
(MIL-shahk*t), an mhilseacht (VIL-shahk*t), na
milseachta, (no plural); sweetness; ag blaiseadh
na milseachta (BLASH-uh), tasting the sweetness.
áilleacht
(AW*-il-ahk*t), an áilleacht, na háilleachta,
(no plural); beauty, etc.; ag moladh a háilleachta,
praising her beauty; caighdeán na háilleachta
(keye-DAW*N), the standard of beauty.
bochtaineacht
(BOHK*T-in-ahk*t), an bhochtaineacht, na bochtaineachta,
(no plural); poverty, etc.; ualach na bochtaineachta
(OO-uh-lahk*), the burden of poverty.
cráifeacht
(KRAW*-fahk*t), an chráifeacht, na cráifeachta,
(no plural); piety, devotion; ag cleachtadh cráifeachta
((KLAK*-tuh), practicing piety.
Verbs
lean,
ag leanúint (lan-OO-int), follow; leanann
sé, he follows; leanfaidh sé (LAN-hee),
he will follow; ag leanúint an bhainisteora,
following the manager.
ordaigh
(OHR-dee), ag ordú, order; ordaíonn
sé (ohr-DEE-uhn), he orders; ordóidh
sé (ohr-DOH-ee), he will order; d'ordaigh
sé leabhar dom, he ordered a book for me.
réitigh
(RAY*-tee), ag réiteach (uh RAY*-tyahk*),
solve; réitíonn sé (ray*-TEE-uhn),
he solves; réiteoidh sé (ray*-TYOH-ee),
he will solve; ag réiteach na faidhbe (FEYE-be),
solving the problem. (réitigh also means
"smooth out," "unravel," "set
in order;" réitigh sé an teach,
he set the house in order; réiteoidh mé
an bord, I will set the table).
Compound
prepositions with the genitive
i
lár (i LAW*R), in the middle of; i lár
an tseomra (TOHM-ruh), in the middle of the room.
i
rith (i RI), during; i rith an cheachta (HYAHK*T-uh),
during the lesson.
Adjectives
beo
(byoh), alive
marbh
(MAHR-ruhv), dead
Adjectives
derived from some of the words in this lesson
are:
tábhachtach
(TOU-uhk*-tuhk*), important; níos tábhachttaí
(nees TOU-uhk*-tee), more important.
anamúil
(AH-nuh-MOO-il), lively, spirited; níos
anamúla, livelier.
cráifeach
(KRAW*-fahk*), devout; níos cráifí
(KRAW*-fee), more devout.
By
pacing prefixes in front of adjectives, the meaning
of the adjective can be changed, as in English.
The prefix "mí-" is an example.
It
is equivalent to "un-" or "dis-"
in English.
Examples:
macánta
(mah-KAW*N-tuh), honest, becomes, mímhacánta
(mee-vuh-KAW*N-tuh), dishonest.
compordach
becomes míchompordach (mee-k*ohm-POHR-dahk*),
uncomfortable.
sásta;
míshásta (mee-HAW*S-tuh); satisfied,
dissatisfied.
dílis;
mídhílis (mee-YEE-lish); loyal,
disloyal.
"Mí"
always causes aspiration of a consonant, if the
consonant can be aspirated. "Mí"
cannot be added to every adjective. For example:
"daor" (day*r), expensive, and "saor"
(say*r), cheap or free, are opposites, but "mí"
cannot be added to either.
CONVERSATION
(COMHRÁ)
Deirdre
(DIR-dre): Dia dhuit, A Fheilim.
Feilim
(FEL-im): Dia's Muire dhuit, a Dheirdre (YIR-dre).
Cé'n chaoi (KAY*-hee) bhfuil tú
inniu?
Deirdre:
Tá mé go maith anois. Agus conas
tá tú féin?
Feilim:
Níos fearr ná a bhí mé
inné. Beagnach marbh (BYUHG-nahk* MAHR-ruhv)
a bhí mé, le slaghdán (sleye-DAW*N).
Bhí fiabhras (FEE-vruhs) orm, freisin,
agus d'fhan mé sa leaba ó mhaidin
go tráthnóna.
Deirdre:
Ar cuireadh fios ar an dochtúir?
Feilim:
Cuireadh, go cinnte. D'ordaigh sé mé
fanúint sa leaba.
Deirdre:
Ar tháinig sé go dtí do theach,
mar sin (HAW*-nig)?
Feilim:
Níor tháinig. Labhair mé
leis ar an guthán, agus tá orm bheith
sásta leis sin.
Translation:
Deirdre:
Hello, Feilim.
Feilim:
Hello, Deirdre. How are you today?
Deirdre:
I am well now. And how are you?
Feilim:
Better than I was yesterday. Nearly dead I was,
with a cold. I had a temperature (fever), too,
and I stayed in bed from morning to evening.
Deirdre:
Was the doctor sent for?
Feilim:
He was, certainly. He ordered me to stay in bed.
Deirdre:
Did he come to your house, then?
Feilim:
He didn't. I spoke with him on the phone, and
I have to be satisfied with that.
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