Cleachtadh
tuisceana Ghaeilge labhartha (KLAK*-tuh TISH-kuh-nuh
GAY*-lig-e LOU-uhr-huh); Comprehension drill for
spoken Irish
Read
aloud the following sentences, or have someone
who is familiar with the pronunciation guide for
these lessons read them to you. Read or listen
to the sentences at least three times to get the
sense. Then look at the key in English and, after
that, the key in Irish. The verbs are the irregular
ones.
nee
VOO-ir may* ay*n ruhd ohn SHOHP-uh shin, ahk*
k*uh-NIK MAW*-re KOOP-luh RUHD-ee uh vee uh TAS-taw*-il
WU-hee le FAH-duh uh-NISH. nee AHK-uh-muhr aw*r
GAH-ruh, SHEE-luh, oun. TYUHK-hee shee hig aw*r
dyahk* uh-NOHK*T, AW*-fuhk*.
RAHK*-i-mish
hig uh tyahk* MU-rahk* nahk* me-YUHK* oum goh
lohr uh-GIN. DOO-irt NOH-ruh luhm in-YAY* go NYAY*N-huhk*
shee tay* AH-guhs BAY*L-uh DOO-in tahr AY*SH tyahk*t
uh-VWAHL-e DOO-in. hug shee DOO-in tay*, kyahrt
goh lohr, AH-guhs DI-huh-muhr aw*r SHAY*-ruh er
uh shahk*t uh k*luhg.
nee
VWEYE-faw* BAY*L-uh moh-RAW*N nees fahr naw* ay
shin. taw* OH-rin ruhd AY*-gin dyas uh AW*-il
di NOO-ir uh HOOR-i-mid KOO-ahrt hig un K*AH-hir
uh-REESH.
Key
(Bearla): I didn't get anything from that store,
but Máire saw a couple of things that she
was wanting for a long time now. We didn't see
our friend, Síle, there. She will come
to our house tonight, however.
We
would go to her house, except that we wouldn't
have enough time.
Nora
told me yesterday that she would make tea and
a meal for us after we had come home. She gave
us tea, sure enough, and we ate our supper at
seven o'clock.
You
wouldn't get a meal much better than that. We
must get something nice for her when we visit
the city again.
Key
(Gaeilge): Ní bhfuair mé aon rud
on siopa sin, ach chonaic Máire cúpla
rudaí a bhí ag teastáil uaithi
le fada anois. Ní fhacamar ár gcara,
Síle, ann. Tiocfaidh sí chuig ár
dteach anocht, áfach.
Rachaimis
chuig a teach murach nach mbeadh am go leor againn.
Dúirt Nóra liom inné go ndéanfadh
sí tae agus béile dúinn,
tar éis teacht abhaile dúinn. Thug
sí dúinn tae, ceart go leor, agus
d'itheamar ár séire ar a seacht
a chlog.
Ní
bhfaighfeá béile mórán
níos fearr ná é sin. Tá
orainn éigin deas a fháil di nuair
a thabharfaimid cuairt chuig an chathair arís.
Graiméar
Indirect
speech with "is" and an modh coinníollach
The
equivalent of "You say that you would like
a boat" is:
Deir
tú gur (gur) mhaith leat bád.
For
"You say that you wouldn't like a boat":
Deir
tú nár (naw*r) mhaith leat bád.
Memorize
these two sentences as a guide.
"Gur"
and "nár", which must always
be in the sentence to connect the two clauses,
cause aspiration of the first consonant in the
next word.
Other
examples of usage:
Cloisfidh
(KLISH-hee) sibh gur mhaith le Seán bheith
(ve) sa bhaile; you-all will hear that Seán
would like to be home.
Shílfinn
(HEEL-hin) gur bhád mór é
sin; I would think that that would be a large
boat.
Cheap
sé nár mhian leo ceann eile a cheannach;
he thought that they wouldn't wish to buy another
one.
If
the word following "gur" or "nár"
begins with a vowel or "f" followed
by a vowel, then:
gur
becomes gurbh (GU-ruhv); nár becomes nárbh
(NAW*R-ruhv)
Examples
of this:
Deir
sé gurbh í Siobhán (shi-VAW*N)
í; he says that it would be Siobhán.
Déarfainn
leo nárbh é sin an bord ceart; I
would tell them that that would not be the right
table.
Chuala
(K*OO-luh Séamas gurbh fhearr (GU-ruhv
AHR) le Brian an traein luais (LOO-ish); Séamas
heard that Brian would prefer the express train
("train of speed").
Síleann
sí nárbh fhiú (NAW*R-uhv
YOO) di clárú; she thinks it wouldn't
be worth her while to register.
Sílim
gurbh fhiú na bróga sin a cheannach;
I think that it would be worth my while to buy
those shoes.
The
forms for this are the same as for the past tense
of "is" in indirect speech. When doubt
could arise whether the past tense (was) or the
conditional (would) is intended, an extra clause
can follow the first two. Examples:
Dúirt
mé gurbh é Seán a bhí
ann; I said that it was Seán who was there.
Dúirt
mé gurbh é Seán é
a bheadh ann; I said that it would be Seán,
who would be there.
Cleachtadh
Dúradh
gurbh fhiú do gach Meiriceánach
teach a cheannach; it was said that it would be
worth the while of every American to buy a house.
Nár
shíl tú gurbh fhearr duit fanacht
sa bhaile go dtiocfadh an dochtúir?; didn't
you think it best for you to wait at home until
the doctor would come?
Vocabulary
Cruinn
(krin) is a useful adjective. Its most important
meaning is "round", but it can mean
"exact", too. Bord cruinn is a round
table, and na boird chruinne are the round tables.
Eolas cruinn is exact knowledge. "This book
is more accurate than that" is: Is cruinne
an leabhar seo ná an ceann sin.
Míchruinn
(mee-K*RIN) and neamhchruinn (nyav-K*RIN) mean
"inaccurate" and can also mean "out
of round" or "not round".
Cearnach
(KYAR-nahk*) is "square". Míle
cearnach is "a square mile", and cúinní
(KOON-yee) cearnacha are "square corners".
A square in a city is a cearnóg (kyar-NOHG);
an chearnóg, na cearnóige, na cearnóga;
the square, of the square, the squares (2nd declension,
feminine).
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