Graiméar
An
aimsir ghnáthchaite (EYEM-sheer gnaw*-K*AH-tye),
or past habitual tense, for tá
To
express "I used to be, you used to be",
etc., in Irish, these are the forms:
bhínn
(veen), I used to be
bhíteá
(VEE-taw*), you used to be
bhíodh
sé (VEE-ohk* shay*), he used to be
bhíodh
sé, she used to be
bhímis
(VEE-mish), we used to be
bhíodh
sibh, you-all used to be
bhídís
(VEE-deesh), they used to be
bhítí
(EE-tee), people used to be
Repeat
this series several times, until you have thoroughly
memorized it.
Now
review the modh coinníolach for tá:
bheinn
(ven), bheifeá (VE-faw*), bheadh sé,
sí, (ve-YUHK*), bheimis (VE-mish), bheadh
sibh, bheidís (VE-deesh), bheifí
(VE-fee). Note that the forms somewhat resemble
the ones for the aimsir ghnáthchaite.
At
first, you will have to stop and think to avoid
confusing the two tenses. Remember that the
aimsir ghnáthchaite has a (vee) sound
at the beginning of each form, but the conditional
has a (ve) sound.
The
negative forms for the past habitual (I didn't
used to be, etc.) begin with: ní bhínn
(nee veen). Say all eight forms aloud, putting
(nee) before each declarative form already learned
in this lesson.
For
questions (did I used to be?, or; didn't I used
to be?), the series begins with:
an
mbínn? (un meen), did I used to be?;
nach mbínn? (nahk* meen), didn't I used
to be?
The
last forms are:
An
mbítí (un MEE-tee), did people
used to be?; nach mbítí?, didn't
people used to be?
Indirect
speech with an aimsir ghnáthchaite
"Go"
and "nach" are the connecting words,
and must always be there.
Examples:
Deir
Áine (AW*-ne) go mbíodh a hathair
ag obair roimh (rev) a seacht a chlog; Áine
says that her father used to be working before
seven o'clock.
Dúirt
an dochtúir nach mbídís
chomh (hoh) láidir sin; the doctor said
that they didn't used to be that strong.
With
other verbs besides tá:
Déarfainn
(DER-hin) go n-óladh na páistí
uisce in áit bainne; I would say that
the children used to drink water instead of
milk.
Chualamar
(K*OO-uh-luh-muhr) go gceannaítéa
troscán sa siopa sin; we heard that you
used to buy furniture in that store.
Síleann
Séamas go ndúntaí na doirse
(DIR-she) tar éis na ranganna; Séamas
thinks that the doors used to be closed after
the classes.
Comhrá
A
return to the three associates of Lesson 112,
who are one in their purpose of moving furniture
into a dwelling.
Éamann:
Cén t-urlár atá a teastáil
(TAS-taw*-il) uait don tolg seo, a Phádraigín?
Pádraigín:
Cuirigí sa seomra suite é, i lár
an tseomra. Ba cheart dúinn an seantolg
a chaitheamh (K*AH-huhv) amach gan mhoil, ach
fanfaimid go ceann tamaill.
Mícheál:
Cuir mata ar thaobh an toilg, sin nó
scríobfaimid é ag gabháil
(uh guh-VWAW*-il) tríd an doras.
Pádraigín:
Déanta anois. Suas an staighre libh anois.
Éamann:
Tarraing, a Mhícheál. Nílim
in ann an meáchan (MYAW*K*-huhn) iomlán
(UM-law*n) a thógáil.
Mícheál:
Táim ag déanamh mo dhichill (YEE-hil).
Brúigh ar an gcos dheiridh (YER-i), agus
tarraingeoidh mé. Beimid tríd
an doras gan stró.
Pádraigín:
Ná tarraingigí trasna an urláir
é! Tá mé direach tar éis
céir (kay*r) a chuir air. Millfidh sibh
an snas.
Éamann:
Ná bí buartha, a Phádraigín.
Táimid an-chúramach.
Mícheál:
Cas ar chlé (hlay*) ar thaobh eile den
chéad doras eile, a Éamainn. Ansin
lig an tolg síos go curamach.
Éamann:
Sin é é! Cad é an chéad
rud eile anois? An leabhragán, b'fhéidir?
Nó an cófra tarraiceán?
Pádraigín:
Thug mé isteach liom an deasc agus sibhse
ag déanamh síorchainte faoin mball
troscáin beag sin.
Micheál:
Ach níl ann ach cúpla maidí
éadroma, cosúil le troscán
go léir inniu.
Key:
Éamann:
What floor do you want for this sofa, Pádraigín?
Pádraigín:
Put it in the sitting room, in the middle of
the room. We should throw out the old sofa right
away, but we will wait a while.
Micheál:
Put a mat on the side of the sofa, or else we
will scratch it going through the door.
Pádraigín:
It's done now. Up the stairs with you now.
Éamann:
Pull, Micheál. I can't lift the entire
weight.
Micheál:
I'm doing my best. Push on the back leg, and
I will pull. We'll be through the door without
effort.
Pádraigín:
Don't pull it across the floor! I have just
waxed it. You'll ruin the polish.
Éamann:
Don't worry, Pádraigín. We are
very careful.
Micheál:
Turn to the left on the other side of the next
door, Éamann. Then let down the sofa
carefully.
Éamann:
That's it. What's the next thing now? The bookcase,
maybe? Or the chest of drawers?
Pádraigín:
I brought in the desk while you were talking
on and on about that little piece of furniture.
Micheál:
But that's only a couple of light sticks, like
all the furniture today.
Notes:
Irish often tends to use a verb and a noun instead
of a verb alone. Examples are "cuir snas
air" and "cuir céir air"
for English "polish it" and "wax
it". "céir, an chéir,
na céarach, na céaracha",
are the forms for "wax". "Céirnín"
means a record, which was of wax many years
ago.
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